Globally, the achievement of Millennium Development goal 3 is slow, as is evidenced by surveys conducted by some of the reputable international organisations, such as the Global Employment Trends, (2009) and the Global Employment Trends for Women, (2009) (both conducted by the International Labour Organisation), the Mastercard Worldwide Index on Women's Advancement, (2009), and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, (2011). The surveys explore the reality that gender equality in the labour market is still low and remain unchanged due to the fact that women are not receiving the required employment opportunities, are under-represented in the working place and are not considered for strategic portfolios. The outcomes of these surveys are supported by academic such scholars, as Meintjies (2005); Parker (2009); Tsuari (2010); Penceliah (2011); Zukang (2012); and KiMoon (2012) whose studies emphasise the discrimin