This paper examines factors that influence underspending to determine their relationship with corruption in Limpopo provincial departments. Theoretically, corruption has a direct bearing on underspending in respect of loss of revenue from tax and customs levies, licensing fees, traffic fine bribery, excessively high expenditure occasioned by corrupt loading, fronting on state contracts, and lack of competition between bidders. Public expenditure consists of planning, budgeting, implementation ...
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2021-Jun-22 07:45:51